Relocating to Greece offers a unique blend of ancient traditions and modern vibrancy, promising a rewarding experience. To fully embrace Greek life and smoothly integrate into your new community, it’s important to understand and respect local customs and social norms. Navigating Greek etiquette involves taking time to reflect on any assumptions you may have about Greece, the community, or your role as an expat, influenced by media, stereotypes, or past experiences. Read reputable sources about Greek history and culture to gain a deeper understanding and try to avoid imposing your preconceptions. Be open to expanding and transforming your worldview.
This guide provides an overview of Greek etiquette, communication styles, and cultural insights to help expats navigate their new surroundings comfortably. By embracing these principles, your time in Greece will be both enriching and enjoyable.
1. Social Greetings and Interactions
In Greece, social greetings are a key part of building relationships and showing respect. A firm handshake is customary in formal settings or when meeting someone for the first time, reflecting confidence and respect. Among friends and family, a kiss on both cheeks—starting with the right—is typical, symbolizing warmth and familiarity. Greeks value direct eye contact during greetings, enhancing the interaction.
Nevertheless, the COVID-19 pandemic introduced a period of uncertainty for these traditional gestures. Handshakes and cheek kisses, once routine, were often discouraged due to health concerns. Although many have returned to these age-old practices, some individuals may still be cautious or hesitant.
As you navigate greetings in contemporary Greece, it’s important to gauge the comfort level of others. If someone appears unsure about a handshake or a kiss, follow their lead and adapt your approach. Paying attention to body language can help; if there is hesitation, offering a verbal greeting instead can ease any discomfort. Respecting personal boundaries is key—if you’re uncertain, allowing others to initiate the greeting can be the most considerate approach.
2. Communication Styles in Greece
Greek communication is characterized by its rich expressiveness and theatrical style. Greeks are known for their animated and emotional way of speaking, which often includes dramatic language and gestures. While they tend to be direct with those they know well, they frequently use indirect communication techniques to avoid conflict or confrontation. For example, instead of directly refusing a request, a Greek might say, “Let’s see how it goes” or “I’ll consider it” to soften the rejection and maintain harmony. This indirect approach helps to preserve politeness and prevent offense. When conversing, Greeks often use raised voices to express excitement or passion rather than anger. A noticeable reduction in verbal communication may indicate serious displeasure.
Non-Verbal Communication
Non-verbal cues are also crucial in Greek communication. Greeks are comfortable with close personal space and frequent physical contact, such as touching on the back or arm. Hand gestures are used extensively to emphasize points, and while this can seem intense to outsiders, it generally signals engagement rather than aggression.
Specific Gestures
Gestures for “yes” and “no” in Greece can be confusing for newcomers. Nodding upward can signify “no,” while a slight downward nod can mean “yes.” These gestures might mean the opposite elsewhere, so understanding these nuances can help in better navigating interactions and avoiding misunderstandings.
- “Yes”—Ναι (Neh): A simple nod, often accompanied by slightly closing the eyes and moving the head downward, then back up slightly, usually repeated two to three times, often accompanies or replaces saying “yes.” This gesture can be used with the word “Ναι (Ne)” or on its own.
- “No”—Όχι (OH-khee): To indicate “no,” Greeks may raise their eyebrows and tilt their head back quickly, sometimes with a subtle clicking sound from the tongue. This gesture can be swift and easily missed, so seeking verbal confirmation by hearing “Όχι (Ohi)” is advisable if there is any doubt.
For more information on non-verbal cues and gestures, including those considered offensive, click here and here.
3. Navigating Language Differences
In Greece, proficiency in foreign languages, particularly English, is notably high. English is widely spoken, especially among younger generations and in urban areas. Greeks also commonly learn other European languages such as German, French, and Italian. Many Greeks who have studied or worked abroad possess near-native language skills and a rich understanding of cross-cultural nuances.
Also, Greeks are generally welcoming and deeply appreciate any effort foreigners make to speak Greek. Simple greetings like “Kaliméra” (good morning) [kah-lee-MEH-rah] and “Efcharistó” (thank you) [ef-khah-rees-TOH] are warmly received and demonstrate respect for the local culture. To enhance your Greek language skills and better integrate into the community, consider enrolling in language classes or joining exchange groups. Additionally, utilizing language learning apps and translation tools, such as Google Translate, Microsoft Translator, and iTranslate, can also help facilitate smoother communication in daily interactions.
Practicing with Greek friends or colleagues, watching Greek films with subtitles, and listening to Greek music or podcasts are excellent ways to deepen your understanding and appreciation of the language. An example would be to watch Greek series with subtitles as an engaging and enjoyable method of learning. For instance, you can find the complete Greek comedy series “Είσαι το Ταίρι Μου” (You Are My Soulmate) with English subtitles on YouTube. This approach not only enhances your language skills but also provides a delightful glimpse into Greek culture.
To help you get started, here are some basic Greek words and expressions along with their phonetic transcriptions and translations:
- Γειά σου (YAH soo) – Hello (informal)
- Γειά σας (YAH sahs) – Hello (formal)
- Καλημέρα (kah-lee-MEH-rah) – Good morning
- Καλησπέρα (kah-lee-SPER-ah) – Good evening
- Καληνύχτα (kah-lee-NEEKH-tah) – Good night
- Ευχαριστώ (ef-khah-rees-TOH) – Thank you
- Παρακαλώ (pah-rah-kah-LOH) – Please / You’re welcome
- Συγγνώμη (see-GHNO-mee) – Sorry / Excuse me
- Ναι (neh) – Yes
- Όχι (OH-khee) – No
- Πόσο κοστίζει; (POH-soh koh-STEE-zee) – How much does it cost?
- Τι κάνεις; (tee KAH-nees) – How are you? (informal)
- Τι κάνετε; (tee KAH-ne-teh) – How are you? (formal)
- Πού είναι το…; (poo EE-neh toh) – Where is the…?
- Το λογαριασμό παρακαλώ (toh loh-ghah-ree-ahs-MOH pah-rah-kah-LOH) – The bill, please
4. The Tradition of Greek Hospitality: Philoxenia
Greek hospitality, known as “philoxenia” (φιλοξενία, [fee-loh-XEH-nee-ah]), is a deeply rooted aspect of Greek culture with ancient origins. The term “philoxenia” is derived from the Greek words “philo” (φιλῶ, [fee-LOH], meaning “I love” in ancient Greek) and “xenos” (ξένος, [KSEH-nos], meaning “friend from a foreign country”). This concept refers to the practice of caring for and hosting a guest—considered a stranger—within one’s home.
In ancient Greece, hospitality was not just a courtesy but a sacred duty. The Greeks viewed philoxenia as a significant institution and a moral obligation, considered a divine mandate from the gods. The gods who protected guests were Zeus Xenios (Ζευς Ξένιος, [Zefs KSEH-nee-os]) and Athena Xenia (Αθηνά η Ξενία, [Ath-ee-NAH ee KSEH-nee-ah]). It was believed that mistreating guests was a grave offense, and hospitality was governed by a set of sacred rituals.
Greek Etiquette for Overnight Guests
Today, the tradition of philoxenia continues to flourish in Greece, with warmth and generosity towards guests remaining integral to Greek culture. If you are invited to stay over at a Greek home for a few days, it is courteous to adhere to the host’s schedule, including mealtimes. Embrace any opportunities to join the host on sightseeing excursions, but refrain from making demands. It is considered polite to accept the food provided and to avoid being overly particular. While you are not obligated to perform housework, it is gracious to offer assistance with tasks such as clearing dishes or tidying up your bed, and it’s important to maintain a tidy environment. As a gesture of appreciation, you might consider compensating your hosts by covering the cost of a meal out once during your stay and by bringing a small gift when you first arrive. This thoughtful approach will reflect your respect for Greek hospitality and contribute to a positive and memorable visit.
Greek Etiquette for Meals and Parties
If you are invited to a meal at a Greek home, it is always a good idea to respond to the invitation in due time, even if an RSVP was not explicitly requested. This applies even if the invitation was sent via SMS or chat. Additionally, Greek etiquette advises against asking if you can bring additional guests unless the invitation specifies otherwise. However, if your entire family is invited, it is reasonable to inquire if children are included. When visiting a friend’s home for dinner, it is polite to bring a gift for the host. This gift could be something consumable like sweets or a bottle of wine, or a more lasting item such as a decorative or practical object for the home.
When attending a Greek lunch, dinner, or party, certain behaviors are expected. While punctuality is appreciated, a small delay for social gatherings is generally acceptable, but always inform your host if you anticipate being late. Not eating at least a little of the food offered is considered impolite, so do your best to try everything. If asked about your dietary preferences before the meal, do not hesitate to share them; Greeks prefer to be well-prepared to ensure their guests are satisfied. However, do not assume that simply stating your religion or dietary regime will alert the host to all your restrictions; be specific about what you do not eat.
By adhering to these traditions and customs, you demonstrate respect for the rich heritage of Greek hospitality, becoming part of its enduring legacy. Philoxenia, rooted in ancient Greece, continues to shape how Greeks interact with their guests, ensuring that every visitor feels welcomed and valued.
Note on Shoes in Greek Homes
It’s worth noting that more and more Greeks are choosing not to wear street shoes inside their homes, although they may feel uncomfortable directly asking guests to do the same. If you notice that your host is not wearing street shoes and you haven’t been asked to remove yours, it is polite to inquire whether you should take them off. However, at parties or formal occasions where guests are dressed more formally, it is generally acceptable to keep your shoes on. This subtle attention to detail will further reflect your respect for Greek customs and contribute to a harmonious visit.
5. Greek Meal Times and Dining Etiquette
Greek meal times, much like those in other warm climates, come with their own distinct traditions, especially when comparing informal and formal dining. Understanding these nuances will enhance your dining experience in Greece, whether you’re enjoying a meal at home or eating out.
Breakfast: Light and Simple
Breakfast in Greece is typically light and straightforward. A common breakfast might include just a cup of coffee paired with a small pastry or cheese pie. However, the younger generations are increasingly opting for healthier choices such as yogurt with fruits or oats, reflecting a shift towards more nutritious morning routines.
Lunch: The Main Meal
Lunch is traditionally the main meal of the day and is usually enjoyed around 14:00. This meal often features elaborate Greek dishes like stuffed tomatoes or oven-baked chicken with potatoes accompanied by salads, which require significant preparation time. However, in today’s fast-paced world, many busy professionals find themselves skipping lunch or choosing quicker alternatives, a trend that reflects changing lifestyles.
Dinner: A Lighter Affair
Dinner, served around 21:00, tends to be a lighter meal, often consisting of leftovers from lunch or a simple snack. In urban neighborhoods, the sight of delivery motorbikes zipping around is common, as many Greeks opt for the convenience of ordering food. The variety is vast, ranging from traditional souvlaki and pizza to Chinese cuisine, ensuring that there’s something for every palate.
Dining Out: Reservations and Shared Bills
When dining out in Greece, it is advisable to make a reservation, whether you’re planning to eat at an upscale restaurant or a cozy taverna. Greek etiquette suggests that when dining with friends, the bill is usually shared equally among all diners, rather than itemizing individual orders. If a Greek friend insists on paying the entire bill, graciously accept their hospitality; you can always return the favor next time. Tipping is generally at your discretion, but a 5%-10% tip is customary. If you are paying with a card, it’s wise to carry some extra cash for tipping.
Drinking: Moderation is Key
At home, Greeks rarely drink wine or alcohol with their meals, reserving such indulgences for special occasions or when hosting guests. However, when dining out, they often enjoy house wines at tavernas or select Greek wines at restaurants. Moderation is a key aspect of Greek drinking culture, and excessive drinking or drunkenness is frowned upon.
Smoking Etiquette: Indoor Restrictions and Outdoor Options
In Greece, smoking indoors at restaurants and cafes is strictly prohibited, with fines imposed on those who breach this regulation. While indoor smoking is banned, most establishments provide designated outdoor areas where smoking is permitted. When visiting someone’s home, it’s courteous to ask about their indoor smoking policy, even if your host is a smoker. Many hosts, regardless of their personal habits, prefer not to allow smoking indoors to keep their homes clean and comfortable for their guests.
Dress Code: From Casual to Formal
Appropriate attire depends on the dining setting. Casual, clean clothing is perfectly acceptable for a taverna. However, for more formal restaurants, men are expected to wear a jacket or a smart shirt, while women should opt for a groomed and polished appearance. This attention to dress reflects the respect and appreciation for the dining experience.
6. Family and Community Values
In Greek society, family is a cornerstone, characterized by deep intergenerational connections and a profound respect for elders. Recent changes, such as the legalization of same-sex marriage in 2024, highlight Greece’s evolving social landscape and commitment to inclusivity. According to research conducted by the National Centre for Social Research (EKKE) in 2023 for Ydrogios Insurance, 96% of Greeks view family as essential, with pets and close friends often considered integral parts of the family unit. Despite this strong emphasis on family, economic challenges and job insecurity have led to trends like delayed marriages and lower fertility rates. Although issues such as communication breakdowns and rising divorce rates present challenges, marriage continues to represent love and security for many Greeks.
Expats should be aware that Greeks often prioritize family commitments over other obligations. This cultural value means that when a Greek friend places family first, it reflects their deep-seated respect for these relationships. Understanding this prioritization can help expats appreciate and navigate the nuances of Greek social interactions more effectively.
Embracing Greek Etiquette: Your Path to a Fulfilling Experience
Adjusting to life in Greece means immersing yourself in a culture rich with history and traditions. By understanding and respecting Greek etiquette—from social greetings to dining customs—you’ll find that your new life in Greece will be both enriching and enjoyable. Embracing these nuances with an open mind and a respectful approach ensures that you will not only blend seamlessly into your new surroundings but also experience the warmth and hospitality that Greece is renowned for.
